The challenges of creating a sustainable smartphone
![cellphone on colorful background](https://rpra.ca/wp-content/uploads/phone1-810x354.jpg)
According to a 2018 study by researchers at McMaster University in Hamilton, 85% of the emissions impact from a smartphone comes from production rather than use. Moreover, smartphones typically contain metals and minerals that are mined and extracted at the risk of both human and environmental health. A Netherlands-based social enterprise is attempting to change this through the creation of a sustainable smartphone. Read about some challenges it has faced since 2013.